Bone tumours

Bone Tumours - Introduction

In practice, we sometimes (unexpectedly) encounter osseous lesions on x-ray examination. This module will briefly describe how an osseous lesion on x-ray should be approached. Following a step-by-step plan, we will attempt to arrive at a (differential) diagnosis.
Bone tumours are rare; for this reason, the diagnosis and treatment usually takes place in specialist hospitals. The patients are discussed within specialist multidisciplinary teams (which include an orthopaedic surgeon, oncologist, radiotherapist, radiologist and pathologist).

Unfortunately, a discussion of the full spectrum of bone tumours is beyond the scope of this course. The primary goal of this course is to provide an overview, to give insight into how an osseous lesion on conventional examination should be accurately described, and to outline the most significant benign and malignant features of osseous lesions.

KEY TOPICS/TERMS:

• Periosteal Reactions
• Chondroid/Osteoid Matrix Formation
• Osteolysis and Sclerosis
• Enchondroma
• Osteochondroma
• Chondrosarcoma
• Bone Island
• Osteoid osteoma
• Osteosarcoma
• Non-ossifying fibroma
• Fibrous Dysplasia
• Simple bone cyst
• Aneurysmal Bone Cyst
• Intra-osseous ganglion
• Giant cell tumor
• Morbus Paget
• Multiple myeloma
• Osseous metastases