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CT sinus

The basic principles of the CT sinus examination.

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Anatomy - Nasal Physiology

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Anatomy - Nasal Physiology

In addition to perceiving odors, the nose serves as the primary entry for air, where the inhaled air is filtered, humidified, and warmed before reaching the lungs. The ciliated epithelium of the nasal membrane plays an essential role in this process; the moist mucus layer produced by goblet cells humidifies and warms the air while trapping dust, microorganisms, and other particles. The cilia in the ciliated epithelium then transport the mucus to the nasopharynx via the posterior nasal cavity openings (choanae), where it is swallowed and further processed by the digestive tract.

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Literature: sources and author

Text & Illustrations

Drs. A. van der Plas, MSK radiologist Maastricht UMC+

With special thanks to:
Drs. J. van Steekelenburg, ENT specialist, Zuyderland Medisch Centrum

Sources:

Z.J. Cappello et.al.; Anatomy, Head and Neck, Nasal Cavity. StatPearls (2023)
M. Kar et.al.; Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: Key Points for Safer Surgery. Ear Nose Throat Journal (sept. 2024).
A. Chmielik et. al.; The Prevalence and CT Detection of Onodi cell types. ECR (2014)
H.S. Singh et.al.; Perspective Chapter: Frontal Sinus – Updates on Classification and Surgical Approaches. Paranasal Sinuses – Surgical Anatomy and its Applications (2023)
A. Sieskiewicz et.al.: Endoscopic repair of CSF leaks in the postero-superior wall of the frontal sinus. Minim Invasive Neurosurg (2011)
J.W. Dankbaar et.al.: Imaging findings of the orbital and intracranial complications of acute bacteria rhinosinusitis. Insights into Imaging (2015).
C.H. Chen et.al.; Unilateral Paranasal Sinusitis Detected by Routine Sinus CT: Analysis of Pathology and Image Findings. J. Radiol Sci (2011)
B.Y. Huang et.al.; Failed Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: Spectrum of CT Findings in the Frontal Recess. Radiographics (2009)
W.T. O’Brien et.al.; The Preoperative Sinus CT: Avoiding a ‘’CLOSE’’ Call with Surgical Complications. Radiology (2016)
V. Velayudhan et.al.; Imaging of Intracranial and Orbital Complications of Sinusitis and Atypical Sinus Infection: What the Radiologist Needs To Know. Diagnostic Radiology (2017)
L. Shankar, K. Evans, M. Hawke, H. Stammberger; An Atlas of Imaging of the Paranasal Sinuses (1994)

17/11/2024

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