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    Module

    X-Knee

    The basic principles about the knee X-ray examination.

    X-Knee
    Radiology Expert
    Table of contents
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    Checklist

    The following points may be used as a guide to assess a knee X-ray. 
    General:

    1. Technique: has everything been imaged correctly; is it suitable for evaluation? Can the question be answered? 
    2. Soft tissues: swelling? Skin intact? Foreign body? Atherosclerosis?  
    3. Joint effusion? Lipohemarthrosis?
    4. Bone mineral density? Ossal lesions?
    5. Check the cortex; cortex interrupted? Cortex destruction? 
    6. Femorotibial joint: position? Osteoarthritis?  
    7. Patellofemoral joint: position of patella? Insall-Salvati ratio? Osteoarthritis? 
    8. Specific: free body? Osteochondral defects? 
    9. Accessory ossicles / normal variations? 
    10. Abnormalities outside the knee joint?  
    11. Changes versus previous examinations?

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    Literature: sources and author

    Text & Illustrations

    drs.A. van der Plas, MSK radiologist Maastricht UMC+
     
    Sources:

    • B.J. Manaster et al. The Requisites – Musculoskeletal Imaging. 2007
    • N. Raby et al. Accident & Emergency Radiology – A Survival Guide. 2005.
    • K.L. Bontrager, J.P. Lampignano. Textbook of Radiographic Positioning and Related Anatomy. 2014 (8th edition)
    • W. Fischer et al. MRI-essentials.com – An illustrated atlas of orthopedic MRI (2014)
    • B. Keegan Markhardt et al.Schatzker Classification of Tibial Plateau Fractures: Use of CT and MR Imaging Improves Assessment; RadioGraphics (2009)
    • N. Shabshin et al. MRI criteria for patella alta and baja; Skeletal Radiology (2004)
    • Ferris M. Hall, M.D. Radiographic Diagnosis and Accuracy in Knee Joint Effusions; Radiology (1975)
    • Duke G. Pao, MD. The Lateral Femoral Notch Sign; Radiology (2001)
    • C.J. Gottsegen et al. Avulsion Fractures of the Knee: Imaging Findings and Clinical Significance;  RadioGraphics (2008)
    • G. Diederichs et al. MR Imaging of Patellar Instability: Injury Patterns and Assessment of Risk Factors; RadioGraphics (2010)

    10/07/2016

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